Dr. Raffaele Scala is Director of Pulmonology and Respiratory Intensive Care Unit at the S. Donato Hospital, Arezzo, Italy, USA. He got Post-degree Specialties in Pulmonology and Anesthesiology-Intensive Care Medicine. He performed an ERS fellowship research and training at S. James University of Leeds. He's recently got the National Scientific Qualification for University Associated Professor in the sector 06/D1 of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Diseases. He was member of the executive commette of AIPO. Now he covers the position of Head of the Respiratory Intensive Care Assembly of ERS. He took more than 200 lectures at national and international congresses, he's author and co-authors of more than 120original papers published on peer-reviewed journals and of more than 20 chapter of books. He's reviewers of several International Journals and he is the Section Editor for Respiratory Intensive Care Medicine of BMC Pulmonary Medicine.

Mechanical ventilation, non-invasive ventilation, bronchoscopy in ICU, high flow nasal cannula, respiratory intensive care units.