The adaptive immune system gets a good deal of attention because it can be manipulated via immunisation, which at $40 billion per year is very big business indeed [1]. So big, in fact, that the pharma companies involved can afford to spend many millions of dollars to subvert organisations such as the CDC, to push mandatory immunisation programs [2].
Another reason for focusing on the adaptive immune system is that it can go wrong in many interesting ways. It is deeply involved in allergy, critically involved in autoimmune disease, and is an essential component in graft rejection and graft-versus-host disease.
References
- Vaccine Market By Technology (Conjugate Vaccines, Inactivated Vaccines, Live Attenuated Vaccines, Toxoid Vaccines, Recombinant Vaccines, and Other Vaccines), Indication (Pneumococcal Disease, Influenza, Human Papilloma Virus, Meningococcal Disease, Rotavirus, Varicella, Diphtheria, Pertussis, & Tetanus {DPT}, Polio, Hepatitis, Measles, Mumps, & Rubella {MMR}, and Other Indications), and End Use (Pediatric Vaccines, Adult Vaccines, and Traveler Vaccines): Global Opportunity Analysis and Industry Forecast, 2020-2027.
- https://www.eyeonannapolis.net/2019/11/opinion-hpv-vaccine-incentive-payments-need-to-stop/?fbclid=IwAR2mm9xPeSS0Web54Za-Xg-b-x-Fr8Iko5GArGqmR-CDU2ih5Y5pLkr2Cog
- Goodridge HS., et al. “Beta-glucan recognition by the innate immune system”. Immunological Reviews 1 (2009): 38-50.
- Al-Baarri AN., et al. “Enhanced Antibacterial Activity of Lactoperoxidase–Thiocyanate–Hydrogen Peroxide System in Reduced-Lactose Milk Whey”. International Journal of Food Science (2019).
- Personal experience with KIB500.
- https://naturaldispensary.co.uk/products/KiB500-8923-618.html
- Azcarate-Peril MA., et al. “An Attenuated Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Strain and Galacto-Oligosaccharides Accelerate Clearance of Salmonella Infections in Poultry through Modifications to the Gut Microbiome”. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 5 (2018).
- Patterson JA and Burkholder KM. “Application of prebiotics and probiotics in poultry production”. Poultry Science 82 (2003): 627-631.
- Fukata T., et al. “Inhibitory effects of competitive exclusion and fructooligosaccharide, singly and in combination, on Salmonella colonization of chicks”. Journal of Food Protection 62 (1999): 229-233.
- Baurhoo B., et al. “Cecal populations of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria and Escherichia coli populations after in vivo Escherichia coli challenge in birds fed diets with purified lignin or mannanoligosaccharides”. Poultry Science 86 (2007): 2509-2516.
- Jensen AN., et al. “The effect of a diet with fructan-rich chicory roots on intestinal helminths and microbiota with special focus on Bifidobacteria and Campylobacter in piglets around weaning”. Animal 5 (2011): 851-860.
- Mølbak L., et al. “Increased amount of Bifidobacterium thermacidophilum and Megasphaera elsdenii in the colonic microbiota of pigs fed a swine dysentery preventive diet containing chicory roots and sweet lupine”. Journal of Applied Microbiology 103 (2007): 1853-1867.
- Thomsen LE., et al. “The effect of fermentable carbohydrates on experimental swine dysentery and whip worm infections in pigs”. Veterinary Microbiology 119 (2007): 152-163.
- Martin-Visscher LA., et al. “The activity of bacteriocins from Carnobacterium maltaromaticum UAL307 against Gram-negative bacteria in combination with EDTA treatment”. FEMS Microbiology Letters 317 (2011): 152-159.
- Joseph B., et al. “Bacteriocin from Bacillus subtilis as a novel drug against diabetic foot ulcer bacterial pathogens”. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 3 (2013): 942-946.
- Torres NI., et al. “Safety, formulation, and in vitro antiviral activity of the antimicrobial peptide subtilosin against herpes simplex virus type 1”. Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins 5 (2013): 26-36.
- Starosila D., et al. “Anti-influenza Activity of a Bacillus subtilis Probiotic Strain”. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 7 (2017).
- Kim H and Kang SS. “Antifungal activities against Candida albicans, of cell-free supernatants obtained from probiotic Pediococcus acidilactici HW01”. Archives of Oral Biology 99 (2019): 113-119.
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