Prevalence of Diabetic Complications in Relation to Risk Factors among
Patients with Type 2 Diabetes at University Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Muhammad Meshal Aljehani; Alsaluli Mobarak Mohamed; Alamri Hassan Ali; Haitham Rasheed Alhaeti; Fatimah Mohammed Alribh; Faris Abdullah Alharbi; Khalid Mohammed Alassiri; Aisha Mohammed Nasser; Omar Ali Saeed Alghamdi; Fatimah Jassim Al-Hassan

Research Article

Volume 5 Issue 2 - 2020

Prevalence of Diabetic Complications in Relation to Risk Factors among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes at University Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Muhammad Meshal Aljehani¹*, Alsaluli Mobarak Mohamed², Alamri Hassan Ali², Haitham Rasheed Alhaeti¹, Fatimah Mohammed Alribh³, Faris Abdullah Alharbi⁴, Khalid Mohammed Alassiri⁵, Aisha Mohammed Nasser⁶, Omar Ali Saeed Alghamdi⁷ and Fatimah Jassim Al-Hassan⁸

¹Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

²King Abdullah Hospital, Bisha, Saudi Arabia

³Maastricht University, Netherlands and Qatif, Saudi Arabia

⁴Ministry of Health, Qassim, Saudi Arabia

⁵Ministry of Health, Khamis Mushait, Saudi Arabia

⁶Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia

⁶Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

⁶King Faisal University, College of Medicine, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia

*Corresponding Author: Muhammad Meshal Aljehani, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Received: December 20, 2019; Published: December 31, 2019

Abstract

Background: The prevalence of diabetes is steadily increasing everywhere. This study aimed to assess diabetic complications and their risk factors, among type 2 diabetic patients toward reducing the disease burden.

Methodology: A cross-sectional hospital-based study was carried out among 469 patients with T2DM attending medical clinic at King Khalid University Hospital (KKUH) in Riyadh during the period of January to June 2019.

Results: Of 469 DM patients 62.7% females and 37.3% males, the mean age and disease duration were 58.3 ± 10.3 and 10.8 ± 7 years, respectively. Macrovascular complications included coronary arty disease(CAD), stroke, and peripheral vascular disease were found in 9.4%, 1.1%, and 4.7%, respectively; whereas for microvascular complications 31.1%, 69.2%, 45.2%, 2.6%, and 1.3% having diabetic retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, diabetic foot, and lower extremity amputation (LEA), respectively. Among those subjects hypertension, dyslipidemia, overweight/obesity, central obesity, and smoking were found in 76.4%, 76.7%, 71.8%, 33.5% and 13%, respectively. Age, disease duration, and HBA1c were statistically significant risk factors for microvascular complications and diabetic foot while for macrovascular complications was only related to increased age. Occurrence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), neuropathy, diabetic foot, and LEA was significantly higher among males than females.

Conclusion: This population was at high risk of CVD with high prevalence of hypertension, dyslipidemia, and obesity. Understanding the extent to which DM complications can be reduced from multiple risk factor control can be helpful in providing the evidence-based rationale for composite risk factor control efforts in DM management. In addition, routine screening for detection of new complications need to be emphasized in order to prevent morbidity and mortality.

Keywords: Diabetic Complications; Saudi Arabia; Risk Factors

References

Citation: Muhammad Meshal Aljehani., et al. “Prevalence of Diabetic Complications in Relation to Risk Factors among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes at University Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia”. EC Endocrinology and Metabolic Research 5.1 (2020): 01-08.

Copyright: © 2020 Muhammad Meshal Aljehani., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.