Abstract

Introduction: Hypertension in patients with diabetes mellitus is an important public health challenge because of the associated morbidity, mortality, the cost to the society, greater healthcare resource utilization, higher incidence of depression, and lower quality of life. Controlling Hypertension-Type 2 Diabetes Comorbidity is important to limit the morbidity and costs for the health care systems derived from diabetic complications. Despite the dire effects of hypertension in type 2 diabetic patients, there is paucity of evidences in the country which indicates the magnitude and predictors of hypertension in people with type 2 diabetes. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and predictors of hypertension-type 2 diabetes Mellitus among patients in Wachemo University Nigest Elleni Mohammed Memorial Referral Hospital.

Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 6-31, 2017. A total of 365 type II diabetic patients on follow up were included in the study and data was collected by using structured questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used for identifying the predictors.

Result: The overall Hypertension-Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Comorbidity status was 59.7%. The mean systolic blood pressure was 136.26 mmHg (SD ± 17.34) while that of diastolic blood pressure was 83.75 mmHg (SD ± 9.77). Age of 46 - 60 years [AOR = 2.07; 95% CI; 1.19, 3.58], rural residence [AOR = 1.75; 95% CI: 1.04, 2.95], hours spent in sedentary activity of 4 - 6 hours [AOR = 2.92; 95% CI: 1.53, 5.57], family history of hypertension [AOR = 3.2; 95% CI: 1.92, 5.32], overweight [AOR = 2.30; 95% CI: 1.37, 3.87] and obesity [AOR = 6.03; 95% CI: 2.42, 15.05] were an independent predictors of hypertension-Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Comorbidity.

Conclusion: Hypertension-Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Comorbidity status is highly prevalent in this population. Overweight and obesity were the topmost predictors of Hypertension-Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Comorbidity. Age, family history of hypertension, and hours spent in sedentary activity had association with hypertension. We need to give due emphasis on use of dietary approach to stop hypertension (DASH), lifestyle modification and regular physical exercises for those type 2 diabetics who are living in rural and urban residences + rural residence. Further study is needed to explain why rural type 2 diabetics are at increased risk of developing hypertension in Ethiopia.

Keywords: Hypertension; Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; Comorbidity; Southern Ethiopia

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