Welcoming you for any type of article submission for the upcoming issue on/before February 26, 2021.


Research Article
Volume 5 Issue 8 - 2020
Awareness of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome among Young Female Adults in Nigeria
Joy E Olotu* and Michael Okon
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
*Corresponding Author:Joy E Olotu, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.
Received: June 24, 2020; Published: July 13, 2020




Abstract

Polycystic ovaries and the associated syndrome are recognized as the most common cause of reproductive and metabolic disorders in adult women, but not much research has been performed especially in Nigeria to examine how polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) presents in young and old women alike. Polycystic ovaries have been demonstrated in childhood, and there is evidence to show that even very young women may show symptoms and signs of the associated syndrome. This study aims to assess the level of the awareness of PCOS among young female adults. The descriptive study comprised of One hundred and fifty undergraduate female students (15 - 35 years) from randomly selected Universities in Nigeria were included in the study, of the this, only one hundred and one responses were considered valid. A Google form was created which included a well-structured questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of three parts with a total of 32 questions in all, formulated to determine sociodemographic status, reproductive indices and knowledge or awareness of PCOS. It was observed that 35% had no idea what PCOS was or how it develops. There is a high need for awareness of PCOS among female adults. Early onset of accurate diagnosis is the key to its management and treatment.

Keywords: Women; Nigeria; PCOS; Infertility; Diabetes; Hereditary

References

  1. Adams J., et al. “Prevalence of polycystic ovaries in women with anovulation and idiopathic hirsutism”. British Medical Journal 293 (1986): 355-359.
  2. Rinki SG., et al. “Awareness of polycystic ovarian syndrome in the female dental students among Chennai population”. Drug invention Today 14.3. (2020): 513-515.
  3. Nidhi R, et al. “Effect of holistic yoga program on anxiety symptoms in adolescent girls with polycystic ovarian syndrome: A randomized control trial”. International Journal Yoga 5.2 (2012): 112-117.
  4. Michelmore KF, et al. “Polycystic ovaries and associated clinical and biochemical features in young women”. Clinical Endocrinology 51 (1999): 779-786.
  5. Knochenhauer ES, et al. “Prevalence of the polycystic ovary syndrome in unselected black and white women of the southeastern United States: a prospective study”. Journal of Clinical and Endocrinological Metabolism 83 (1998): 3078.
  6. Conway GS, et al. “Heterogeneity of the polycystic ovary syndrome: clinical, endocrine and ultrasound features in 556 patients”. Clinical Endocrinology 30 (1989): 459-470.
  7. Franks S. “Polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescents”. International Journal of Obstetrics (London) 32 (2008): 1035-1041.
  8. Balen AH., et al. “Polycystic ovary syndrome: the spectrum of the disorder in 1741 patients”. Human Reproduction 10 (1995): 2107-2111.
  9. Balen A. “Pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome - the enigma unravels?”. Lancet 354 (1999): 966-967.
  10. Dunaif A. “Insulin resistance and the polycystic ovary syndrome: mechanism and implications for pathogenesis”. Endocrinology Review 18.6 (1997): 774-800.
  11. Rotterdam ESHRE/ASRM-Sponsored PCOS Consensus Workshop Group. “Revised 2003 consensus on diagnostic criteria and long-term health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome”. Fertility and Sterility 81.1 (2004): 19-25.
  12. Sunanda B and Sabitha Nayak. “A study to assess the knowledge regarding PCOS (Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome) among Nursing students at NUINS”. Nitte University Journal of Health Science 6.3 (2016): 24-26.
  13. Pothiraj Pitchai and SR Sreeraj. “Awareness of lifestyle modification in females diagnosed with polycystic ovarian syndrome in India: explorative study”. International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 5.2 (2016): 470-476.
  14. Rinki Susan George., et al. “Awareness of polycystic ovarian syndrome in the female dental students among Chennai population”. Drug Invention Today 14.3 (2020).
  15. Azziz R, et al. “Androgen excess in women: experience with over 1000 consecutive patients”. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology Metabolism 89.2 (2004): 453-462.
  16. Buggs C and Rosenfield RL. “Polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescence”. Endocrinology Metabolism Clinical North America 34.3 (2005): 677-679.
  17. Scott Sills E., et al. “Diagnostic and treatment characteristics of polycystic ovary syndrome: descriptive measurements of patient perception and awareness from 657 confidential self-reports”. BMC Women's Health 1 (2001): 3.
  18. Himelein MJ and Thatcher SS. “Polycystic ovary syndrome and mental health: A review”. Obstetrics and Gynecology Survey 61.11 (2006): 723-732.
  19. Ruksana S., “Awareness of Obesity as a Risk Factor for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome”. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research 7.7 (2015): 471-473.
  20. Kahsar-Miller MD., et al. “Prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in first-degree relatives of patients with PCOS”. Fertility and Sterility 75.1 (2000): 53-58.
  21. Goodarzi M., et al. “Polycystic ovary syndrome: Etiology, pathogenesis and diagnosis”. National Review of Endocrinol 7.4 (2011): 219-231. 
  22. Kataoka J., et al. “Weight Management Interventions in Women with and without PCOS: A Systematic Review”. Nutrients 9 (2017): 996.
  23. Sari Harrar. What causes PCOS? And How will it affect my body. 
  24. Pasquali R and Casimirri F. “The impact of obesity on hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovary syndrome in premenopausal women”. Clinical Endocrinology 39 (1993): 1-16.
  25. Diamanti-Kandarakis E. “Insulin resistance and polycystic ovary syndrome through life”. Current Pharmaceutical Design 18.34 (2012): 5569-5576.
Citation: Joy E Olotu and Michael Okon. “Awareness of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome among Young Female Adults in Nigeria”. EC Endocrinology and Metabolic Research 5.8 (2020): 21-26.

PubMed Indexed Article


EC Pharmacology and Toxicology
LC-UV-MS and MS/MS Characterize Glutathione Reactivity with Different Isomers (2,2' and 2,4' vs. 4,4') of Methylene Diphenyl-Diisocyanate.

PMID: 31143884 [PubMed]

PMCID: PMC6536005


EC Pharmacology and Toxicology
Alzheimer's Pathogenesis, Metal-Mediated Redox Stress, and Potential Nanotheranostics.

PMID: 31565701 [PubMed]

PMCID: PMC6764777


EC Neurology
Differences in Rate of Cognitive Decline and Caregiver Burden between Alzheimer's Disease and Vascular Dementia: a Retrospective Study.

PMID: 27747317 [PubMed]

PMCID: PMC5065347


EC Pharmacology and Toxicology
Will Blockchain Technology Transform Healthcare and Biomedical Sciences?

PMID: 31460519 [PubMed]

PMCID: PMC6711478


EC Pharmacology and Toxicology
Is it a Prime Time for AI-powered Virtual Drug Screening?

PMID: 30215059 [PubMed]

PMCID: PMC6133253


EC Psychology and Psychiatry
Analysis of Evidence for the Combination of Pro-dopamine Regulator (KB220PAM) and Naltrexone to Prevent Opioid Use Disorder Relapse.

PMID: 30417173 [PubMed]

PMCID: PMC6226033


EC Anaesthesia
Arrest Under Anesthesia - What was the Culprit? A Case Report.

PMID: 30264037 [PubMed]

PMCID: PMC6155992


EC Orthopaedics
Distraction Implantation. A New Technique in Total Joint Arthroplasty and Direct Skeletal Attachment.

PMID: 30198026 [PubMed]

PMCID: PMC6124505


EC Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine
Prevalence and factors associated with self-reported chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among adults aged 40-79: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2012.

PMID: 30294723 [PubMed]

PMCID: PMC6169793


EC Dental Science
Important Dental Fiber-Reinforced Composite Molding Compound Breakthroughs

PMID: 29285526 [PubMed]

PMCID: PMC5743211


EC Microbiology
Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites Among HIV Infected and HIV Uninfected Patients Treated at the 1o De Maio Health Centre in Maputo, Mozambique

PMID: 29911204 [PubMed]

PMCID: PMC5999047


EC Microbiology
Macrophages and the Viral Dissemination Super Highway

PMID: 26949751 [PubMed]

PMCID: PMC4774560


EC Microbiology
The Microbiome, Antibiotics, and Health of the Pediatric Population.

PMID: 27390782 [PubMed]

PMCID: PMC4933318


EC Microbiology
Reactive Oxygen Species in HIV Infection

PMID: 28580453 [PubMed]

PMCID: PMC5450819


EC Microbiology
A Review of the CD4 T Cell Contribution to Lung Infection, Inflammation and Repair with a Focus on Wheeze and Asthma in the Pediatric Population

PMID: 26280024 [PubMed]

PMCID: PMC4533840


EC Neurology
Identifying Key Symptoms Differentiating Myalgic Encephalomyelitis and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome from Multiple Sclerosis

PMID: 28066845 [PubMed]

PMCID: PMC5214344


EC Pharmacology and Toxicology
Paradigm Shift is the Normal State of Pharmacology

PMID: 28936490 [PubMed]

PMCID: PMC5604476


EC Neurology
Examining those Meeting IOM Criteria Versus IOM Plus Fibromyalgia

PMID: 28713879 [PubMed]

PMCID: PMC5510658


EC Neurology
Unilateral Frontosphenoid Craniosynostosis: Case Report and a Review of the Literature

PMID: 28133641 [PubMed]

PMCID: PMC5267489


EC Ophthalmology
OCT-Angiography for Non-Invasive Monitoring of Neuronal and Vascular Structure in Mouse Retina: Implication for Characterization of Retinal Neurovascular Coupling

PMID: 29333536 [PubMed]

PMCID: PMC5766278


EC Neurology
Longer Duration of Downslope Treadmill Walking Induces Depression of H-Reflexes Measured during Standing and Walking.

PMID: 31032493 [PubMed]

PMCID: PMC6483108


EC Microbiology
Onchocerciasis in Mozambique: An Unknown Condition for Health Professionals.

PMID: 30957099 [PubMed]

PMCID: PMC6448571


EC Nutrition
Food Insecurity among Households with and without Podoconiosis in East and West Gojjam, Ethiopia.

PMID: 30101228 [PubMed]

PMCID: PMC6086333


EC Ophthalmology
REVIEW. +2 to +3 D. Reading Glasses to Prevent Myopia.

PMID: 31080964 [PubMed]

PMCID: PMC6508883


EC Gynaecology
Biomechanical Mapping of the Female Pelvic Floor: Uterine Prolapse Versus Normal Conditions.

PMID: 31093608 [PubMed]

PMCID: PMC6513001


EC Dental Science
Fiber-Reinforced Composites: A Breakthrough in Practical Clinical Applications with Advanced Wear Resistance for Dental Materials.

PMID: 31552397 [PubMed]

PMCID: PMC6758937


EC Microbiology
Neurocysticercosis in Child Bearing Women: An Overlooked Condition in Mozambique and a Potentially Missed Diagnosis in Women Presenting with Eclampsia.

PMID: 31681909 [PubMed]

PMCID: PMC6824723


EC Microbiology
Molecular Detection of Leptospira spp. in Rodents Trapped in the Mozambique Island City, Nampula Province, Mozambique.

PMID: 31681910 [PubMed]

PMCID: PMC6824726


EC Neurology
Endoplasmic Reticulum-Mitochondrial Cross-Talk in Neurodegenerative and Eye Diseases.

PMID: 31528859 [PubMed]

PMCID: PMC6746603


EC Psychology and Psychiatry
Can Chronic Consumption of Caffeine by Increasing D2/D3 Receptors Offer Benefit to Carriers of the DRD2 A1 Allele in Cocaine Abuse?

PMID: 31276119 [PubMed]

PMCID: PMC6604646


EC Anaesthesia
Real Time Locating Systems and sustainability of Perioperative Efficiency of Anesthesiologists.

PMID: 31406965 [PubMed]

PMCID: PMC6690616


EC Pharmacology and Toxicology
A Pilot STEM Curriculum Designed to Teach High School Students Concepts in Biochemical Engineering and Pharmacology.

PMID: 31517314 [PubMed]

PMCID: PMC6741290


EC Pharmacology and Toxicology
Toxic Mechanisms Underlying Motor Activity Changes Induced by a Mixture of Lead, Arsenic and Manganese.

PMID: 31633124 [PubMed]

PMCID: PMC6800226


EC Neurology
Research Volunteers' Attitudes Toward Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis.

PMID: 29662969 [PubMed]

PMCID: PMC5898812


EC Pharmacology and Toxicology
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy for Alzheimer's Disease.

PMID: 30215058 [PubMed]

PMCID: PMC6133268


News and Events


March Issue Release

We always feel pleasure to share our updates with you all. Here, notifying you that we have successfully released the March issue of respective journals and the latest articles can be viewed on the current issue pages.

Submission Deadline for Upcoming Issue

ECronicon delightfully welcomes all the authors around the globe for effective collaboration with an article submission for the upcoming issue of respective journals. Submissions are accepted on/before April 03, 2023.

Certificate of Publication

ECronicon honors with a "Publication Certificate" to the corresponding author by including the names of co-authors as a token of appreciation for publishing the work with our respective journals.

Best Article of the Issue

Editors of respective journals will always be very much interested in electing one Best Article after each issue release. The authors of the selected article will be honored with a "Best Article of the Issue" certificate.

Certifying for Review

ECronicon certifies the Editors for their first review done towards the assigned article of the respective journals.

Latest Articles

The latest articles will be updated immediately on the articles in press page of the respective journals.