Retinoic acid (RA), a derivative of vitamin A (retinol), exerts a wide range of biological effects on cell proliferation and differentiation, and embryonic development. The pleiotropic effects of RA are mediated by its binding to specific nuclear RA receptors (RARs) which function as transcription factor after ligand-dependent activation. To date, three species of human RARs (α, β and γ) have been described. In several hundreds of publications as to retinoic acid (RA) action, Dr. Zhu in earlier years (1990-91) postulate molecular model of RA action, which reported in Voice of America, 1992 [1]; presented at 2nd and 3rd biomedical world congress, Dubai, UAE, 2013, 2014 [2,3] and published early in JCCM (EBSCO cited), 2007, 2010 [4,5], in Curr Pharm Biotechnol, vol 14 issue 9, 2013 [6], later updated in Univ J Pharm Res, vol 4 issue 6, 2018 [7], in Am J Biomed Sci & Res, vol 3 issue 2, 2019 [8] and recent updated in Med J Clin Trials Case Stud, and in EC Endocrinol and Metab Res, 2020 [9-11].
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