Abstract

Introduction: Coronary heart disease (CHD) represents the leading cause of death in adults worldwide. Familial clustering in young MI may be due to common genetic pool, to the common family environment, or a mixture of both.

Methods: This is a case control prospective study in which total 110 siblings of young Indian patients who suffered from myocardial infarction and 50 healthy young controls were studied over a period of 2 years. The primary objective was to study the pattern of dyslipidemia and lipoprotein abnormalities and secondary objective was to study the prevalence of conventional risk factors among siblings of young Indian patients (age < 45 years) with acute myocardial infarction (MI).

Results: Age and sex distribution were well matched. On studying conventional risk factors in groups A and B, it was seen that the history of smoking (72% vs 52% p-0.021), hypertension (62% vs 30% p-0.0003), diabetes mellitus (38% vs 12% p-0.001) and increased waist circumference (60% vs 32% p0. 001) were more in group A in comparison to group B. On analyzing lipid profile in group A and B, it was found that total cholesterol (210.09 ± 0.09 vs 186.62 ± 31.67, p-0.0001), triglyceride (162.82 ± 25.08 vs 145.36 ± 27.83 p-0.0002, LDL (140.31 ± 39.27 vs 115.82 ± 32.46, p-0.0002), HDL (37.90 ± 8.16 vs 42.56 ± 6.45, p-0.0002), ApoB100 (152.17 ± 51.09 vs 122.32 ± 18.79, p-0.003), ApoA1 (134.92 ± 55.61 vs 172.42 ± 49.84, p-0.0001), ratio of ApoB/ApoA1 (1.45 ± 0.93 vs 0.76 ± 0.32, p-0.004) and LP (a) (27.36 ± 16.24 vs 16.70 ± 5.93, p < 0.0001) were different in both groups.

Conclusion: Conventional atherosclerotic risk factors, lipid and lipoprotein abnormalities were significantly more common in sibling of young acute MI in comparison to the general population.

Keywords: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Myocardial Infarction; Dyslipidemias; Apolipoproteins; Lipoprotein (a)

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