Abstract

Objectives: Cancer is a significant health problem worldwide, with oral cancer comprising 2.1% of all cancers on a global level. It presents in several forms and locations in the oral cavity. Its incidence rates have been shown to be higher among developing countries, and often go undetected until later stages, which has the potential of complicating the treatment even further. Lack of public awareness about the possible signs and symptoms and risk factors of oral cancer can contribute to late diagnosis. The aim of this study was to assess the levels of knowledge of the signs, symptoms and risk factors of oral cancer among the general public in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted among the general public of Saudi Arabia. Social media platforms and online websites were used to reach the public. Data were collected through a validated, self-administered online questionnaire adapted from previous published articles.

Results: A total of 1039 individuals have participated in this study. Only 60.3% had heard of oral cancer, with only 5% who heard about oral cancer from their dentists. Around half of the participants believed that oral cancer is preventable, and 40.6% believed that it is treatable. 34.7% believed that oral cancer has the ability for metastasis. 74% of the participants identified smoking as a risk factor for oral cancer. Meanwhile, less than 25% of the participants were able to identify possible signs and symptoms of oral cancer. Demographic factors associated with levels of knowledge were gender (P < 0.05); number of previous dental visits (P < 0.05) and smoking (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: The general public of Saudi Arabia have demonstrated low levels of knowledge regarding oral cancer. Therefore, health education programs should be implemented to increase awareness of oral cancer.

Keywords: Oral Cancer; Knowledge; Awareness; Public; Saudi Arabia

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