Abstract
Introduction: Periodontitis is an inflammatory condition that affects the supporting tissue of teeth and has been associated with obesity in various researches. The objective of this study was to observe an association between obesity and different periodontal indices.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study using non-probability convenience sampling technique was conducted at the Department of Periodontology, Fatima Jinnah Dental College and Hospital after ethical approval. Total 343 dental out-patients between 20 - 75 years of age of either gender, with/without any past medical history pregnant or lactating patients who were below 20 years of age were excluded.
Association of obesity with Basic Periodontal Examination Index, Bleeding Index, Gingival Index and Plaque Index was assessed using chi-square test. A p-value of ≤ 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
Results: The mean age and body mass index of patients was 34 ± 12 years and 25 ± 7 kg/m2. 177 (51.6%) patients were male and 166 (48.4%) were female. Majority of the enrolled patients (40%) had poor oral hygiene. More than 50% of patients were non-obese. A significant association was observed between obesity and Basic Periodontal Examination Index (p = 0.01) while Bleeding Index (p = 0.05), Gingival Index (p = 0.7) and Plaque Index (p = 0.6) were not found to be associated with obesity.
Conclusion: It was concluded in our study that obesity was associated with basic periodontal examination index. However, the relationship between obesity and bleeding index, gingival index and plaque index was insignificant. Furthermore, oral hygiene was seen to be poor in most of the cases in our study.
Keywords: Periodontitis; Obesity; Periodontal Index
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